Chapter Calandrino to Caligula of C by Brewer's Phrase & Fable

Caledonia Scotland. A corruption of Celyddon, a Celtic word meaning “a dweller in woods and forests.” The word Celt is itself a contraction of the same word (Celyd), and means the same thing.

“Sees Caledonia in romantic view.”
Thomson.

“O Caledonia, stern and wild,
Meet nurse for a poetic child”
Sir W. Scott: Lay of the Last Minstrel.

Calembour (French). A pun, a jest. From the “Jester of Kahlenberg,” whose name was Wigand von Theben; a character introduced in Tyll Eulenspiegel, a German tale. Eulenspiegel (a fool or jester) means Owl's looking-glass, and may probably have suggested the title of the periodical called the Owl, the witty but satirical “looking-glass” of the passing follies of the day. The jester of Calembourg visited Paris in the reign of Louis XV., and soon became noted for his blunders and puns.

Calendar
   The Julian Calendar, introduced B.C. 46. It fixed the ordinary year to 365 days, with an extra day every fourth year (leap year). This is called “The Old Style.”
   The Gregorian Year. A modification of the Julian Calendar, introduced in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII., and adopted in Great Britain in 1752. This is called “the New Style.”
   The Mohammedan Calendar, used in Mohammedan countries, dates from July 16th, 622, the day of the Hegira. It consists of 12 lunar months (29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes). A cycle is 30 years.
   The Revolutionary Calendar was the work of Fabre d'Eglantine and Mons. Romme.

Calendar A Newgate Calendar or “Malefactors' Bloody Register,” containing the biography, confessions, dying speeches, etc., of notorious criminals. Began in 1700.

Calendars (The ThreeArabian Nights.

Calends The first of every month was so called by the Romans. Varro says the term originated in the practice of calling together or assembling the people on the first day of the month, when the pontifex informed them of the time of the new moon, the day of the nones, with the festivals and sacred days to be observed. The custom continued till A.U.C. 450, when the fasti or calendar was posted in public places. (See Greek Calends .)

Calepin (A). A dictionary. (Italian, calepino.) Ambrosio Calepino, of Calepio, in Italy, was the author of a dictionary, so that “my Calepin,” like my Euclid, my Johnson, according to Cocker, etc., have become common nouns from proper names. Generally called Calepin, but the subjoined quotation throws the accent on the le.

“Whom do you prefer
For the best linguist? And I seelily
Said that I thought Calepine's Dictionary.”
Dr. Donne: Fourth Satire.

Caleys (A Stock Exchange term). Caledonian Railway Ordinary Stock. A contraction of Cale-donians. (See Stock Exchange Slang .)

Calf-love Youthful fancy as opposed to lasting attachment.

“I thought it was a childish besotment you had for the man-a sort of calf-love. ...”- Rhoda Broughton.

Calf-skin Fools and jesters used to wear a calf-skin coat buttoned down the back. In allusion to this custom, Faulconbridge says insolently to the Archduke of Austria, who had acted most basely to Richard Coeur-de-Lion-

“Thou wear a lion's hide! Doff it, for shame,
And hang a calf-skin on those recreant limbs.”
Shakespeare: King John, iii. 1.