officer, upon his arrival in port after a disaster, stating the particulars of it, and showing that any damage
or loss sustained was not owing to the fault of the vessel, her officers or crew, but to the perils of the
sea, etc., ads the case may be, and protesting against them. (c) A declaration made by a party, before
or while paying a tax, duty, or the like, demanded of him, which he deems illegal, denying the justice of
the demand, and asserting his rights and claims, in order to show that the payment was not voluntary.
Story. Kent.