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2. (Astrol.) Born under the predominant influence of the sun. [Obs.]
And proud beside, as solar people are. Dryden. 3. Measured by the progress or revolution of the sun in the ecliptic; as, the solar year.
4. Produced by the action of the sun, or peculiarly affected by its influence.
They denominate some herbs solar, and some lunar. Bacon. Solar cycle. See under Cycle. — Solar day. See Day, 2. — Solar engine, an engine in which
the energy of solar heat is used to produce motion, as in evaporating water for a steam engine, or expanding
air for an air engine. — Solar flowers (Bot.), flowers which open and shut daily at certain hours. —
Solar lamp, an argand lamp. — Solar microscope, a microscope consisting essentially, first, of a
mirror for reflecting a beam of sunlight through the tube, which sometimes is fixed in a window shutter; secondly,
of a condenser, or large lens, for converging the beam upon the object; and, thirdly, of a small lens, or
magnifier, for throwing an enlarged image of the object at its focus upon a screen in a dark room or in a
darkened box.
— Solar month. See under Month. — Solar oil, a paraffin oil used an illuminant and lubricant. —
Solar phosphori (Physics), certain substances, as the diamond, siulphide of barium calcium sulphide,
etc., which become phosphorescent, and shine in the dark, after exposure to sunlight or other intense
light. — Solar plexus (Anat.), a nervous plexus situated in the dorsal and anterior part of the abdomen,
consisting of several sympathetic ganglia with connecting and radiating nerve fibers; — so called in allusion
to the radiating nerve fibers. — Solar spots. See Sun spots, under Sun. — Solar system (Astron.),
the sun, with the group of celestial bodies which, held by its attraction, revolve round it. The
system comprises the major planets, with their satellites; the minor planets, or asteroids, and the comets; also,
the meteorids, the matter that furnishes the zodiacal light, and the rings of Saturn. The satellites that
revolve about the major planets are twenty-two in number, of which the Earth has one Mars two, Jupiter
five, Saturn nine, Uranus four, and Neptune one. The asteroids, between Mars and Jupiter, thus far
discovered number about five hundred, the first four of which were found near the beginning of the century,
and are called Ceres, Pallas, Juno, and Vesta.
The principal elements of the major planets, and of the comets seen at more than one perihelion passage,
are exhibited in the following tables: —
| I. — Major Planets. Symbol.Name.Mean distance — that of the Earth being unity.Period in days.Eccentricity.Inclination
of orbit.Diameter in miles |
II. — Periodic Comets. Name.Greatest distance from sun.Least distance from sun.Inclination of orbit.Perihelion
passage. - ° &min 54
- Encke's
- 3.31
- 4.10
- 0.342
- 12 54
- 1885.2
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— Solar telegraph, telegraph for signaling by flashes of reflected sunlight. — Solar time. See Apparent
time, under Time.
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