he had enunciated in 1838. The wires and the surrounding water act as a Leyden jar, and the retardation
of the current predicted by Faraday manifests itself in every message sent by such cables. The meaning of Faraday in these memoirs on Induction and Conduction is, as I have said, by no means
always clear; and the difficulty will be most felt by those who are best trained in ordinary theoretic conceptions.
He does not know the reader's needs, and he therefore does not meet them. For instance he speaks
over and over again of the impossibility of charging a body with one electricity, though the impossibility
is by no means evident. The key to the difficulty is this. He looks upon every insulated conductor as
the inner coating of a Leyden jar. An insulated sphere in the middle of a room is to his mind such a
coating; the walls are the outer coating, while the air between both is the insulator, across which the
charge acts by induction. Without this reaction of the walls upon the sphere you could no more, according
to Faraday, charge it with electricity than you could charge a Leyden jar, if its outer coating were removed.
Distance with him is immaterial. His strength as a generalizer enables him to dissolve the idea of magnitude; and
if you abolish the walls of the room--even the earth itself--he would make the sun and planets the outer
coating of his jar. I dare not contend that Faraday in these memoirs made all his theoretic positions
good. But a pure vein of philosophy runs through these writings; while his experiments and reasonings
on the forms and phenomena of electrical discharge are of imperishable importance.
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By PanEris
using Melati.
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