1. Equal in worth or value, force, power, effect, import, and the like; alike in significance and value; of the
same import or meaning.
For now to serve and to minister, servile and ministerial, are terms equivalent.
South. 2. (Geom.) Equal in measure but not admitting of superposition; — applied to magnitudes; as, a square
may be equivalent to a triangle.
3. (Geol.) Contemporaneous in origin; as, the equivalent strata of different countries.
Equivalent
(E*quiv"a*lent) n.
1. Something equivalent; that which is equal in value, worth, weight, or force; as, to offer an equivalent
for damage done.
He owned that, if the Test Act were repealed, the Protestants were entitled to some equivalent. . . .
During some weeks the word equivalent, then lately imported from France, was in the mouths of all the
coffeehouse orators.
Macaulay. 2. (Chem.) That comparative quantity by weight of an element which possesses the same chemical
value as other elements, as determined by actual experiment and reference to the same standard. Specifically:
(a) The comparative proportions by which one element replaces another in any particular compound; thus,
as zinc replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid, their equivalents are 32.5 and 1. (b) The combining
proportion by weight of a substance, or the number expressing this proportion, in any particular compound; as,
the equivalents of hydrogen and oxygen in water are respectively 1 and 8, and in hydric dioxide 1 and
16.
This term was adopted by Wollaston to avoid using the conjectural expression atomic weight, with which,
however, for a time it was practically synonymous. The attempt to limit the term to the meaning of a
universally comparative combining weight failed, because of the possibility of several compounds of the
substances by reason of the variation in combining power which most elements exhibit. The equivalent
was really identical with, or a multiple of submultiple of, the atomic weight.
3. (Chem.) A combining unit, whether an atom, a radical, or a molecule; as, in acid salt two or more
equivalents of acid unite with one or more equivalents of base.
Mechanical equivalent of heat (Physics), the number of units of work which the unit of heat can perform; the
mechanical energy which must be expended to raise the temperature of a unit weight of water from 0°
C. to 1° C., or from 32° F. to 33° F. The term was introduced by Dr. Mayer of Heilbronn. Its value was
found by Joule to be 1390 foot pounds upon the Centigrade, or 772 foot pounds upon the Fahrenheit,
thermometric scale, whence it is often called Joule's equivalent, and represented by the symbol J. This
is equal to 424 kilogram meters A more recent determination by Professor Rowland gives the value
426.9 kilogram meters, for the latitude of Baltimore.
Equivalent
(E*quiv"a*lent), v. t. To make the equivalent to; to equal; equivalence. [R.]
Equivalently
(E*quiv"a*lent*ly), adv. In an equal manner.
Equivalue
(E`qui*val"ue) v. t. To put an equal value upon; to put (something) on a par with another
thing. W. Taylor.
Equivalve
(E"qui*valve E"qui*valved) a. [Equi- + valve.] (Zoöl.) Having the valves equal in size and
from, as in most bivalve shells.
Equivalvular
(E`qui*val"vu*lar) a. (Zoöl.) Same as Equivalve or Equivalved.
