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means of preconcerted visible or audible signals representing words or ideas, or by means of words and
signs, transmitted by electrical action.
The instruments used are classed as indicator, type- printing, symbol-printing, or chemical-printing
telegraphs, according as the intelligence is given by the movements of a pointer or indicator, as in Cooke
& Wheatstone's (the form commonly used in England), or by impressing, on a fillet of paper, letters from
types, as in House's and Hughe's, or dots and marks from a sharp point moved by a magnet, as in Morse's,
or symbols produced by electro-chemical action, as in Bain's. In the offices in the United States the
recording instrument is now little used, the receiving operator reading by ear the combinations of long
and short intervals of sound produced by the armature of an electro- magnet as it is put in motion by
the opening and breaking of the circuit, which motion, in registering instruments, traces upon a ribbon of
paper the lines and dots used to represent the letters of the alphabet. See Illustration in Appendix.
Acoustic telegraph. See under Acoustic. — Dial telegraph, a telegraph in which letters of the
alphabet and numbers or other symbols are placed upon the border of a circular dial plate at each station,
the apparatus being so arranged that the needle or index of the dial at the receiving station accurately
copies the movements of that at the sending station. — Electric telegraph, or Electro- magnetic
telegraph, a telegraph in which an operator at one station causes words or signs to be made at another
by means of a current of electricity, generated by a battery and transmitted over an intervening wire. —
Facsimile telegraph. See under Facsimile. — Indicator telegraph. See under Indicator. — Pan-
telegraph, an electric telegraph by means of which a drawing or writing, as an autographic message,
may be exactly reproduced at a distant station. - - Printing telegraph, an electric telegraph which
automatically prints the message as it is received at a distant station, in letters, not signs. — Signal
telegraph, a telegraph in which preconcerted signals, made by a machine, or otherwise, at one station,
are seen or heard and interpreted at another; a semaphore. — Submarine telegraph cable, a telegraph
cable laid under water to connect stations separated by a body of water. — Telegraph cable, a telegraphic
cable consisting of several conducting wires, inclosed by an insulating and protecting material, so as to
bring the wires into compact compass for use on poles, or to form a strong cable impervious to water, to
be laid under ground, as in a town or city, or under water, as in the ocean. — Telegraph plant (Bot.),
a leguminous plant (Desmodium gyrans) native of the East Indies. The leaflets move up and down like
the signals of a semaphore.
Telegraph
(Tel"e*graph) v. t. [imp. & p. p. Telegraphed ; p. pr. & vb. n. Telegraphing ] [F. télégraphier.]
To convey or announce by telegraph.
Telegrapher
(Te*leg"ra*pher) n. One who sends telegraphic messages; a telegraphic operator; a telegraphist.
Telegraphic
(Tel`e*graph"ic) a. [Cf. F. télégraphique.] Of or pertaining to the telegraph; made or communicated
by a telegraph; as, telegraphic signals; telegraphic art; telegraphic intelligence.
Telegraphical
(Tel`e*graph"ic*al) a. Telegraphic. — Tel`e*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
Telegraphist
(Te*leg"ra*phist) n. One skilled in telegraphy; a telegrapher.
Telegraphy
(Te*leg"ra*phy) n. [Cf. F. télégraphie.] The science or art of constructing, or of communicating
by means of, telegraphs; as, submarine telegraphy.
Telemeter
(Te*lem"e*ter) n. [Gr. far + - meter.] An instrument used for measuring the distance of an
object from an observer; as, a telescope with a micrometer for measuring the apparent diameter of an
object whose real dimensions are known.
Teleocephial
(||Te`le*o*ceph"i*al) (te`le*o*sef"a*li or te`le-), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. te`leos complete + kefalh`
head.] (Zoöl.) An extensive order of bony fishes including most of the common market species, as bass,
salmon, cod, perch, etc.
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